![]() The particular characteristics of each scale and potential practical applications in clinical and research are discussed. As expected, the dimensions of brooding, general repetitive negative thinking, as well as abstract analytical thinking, can all be classified as unconstructive repetitive thinking. The results support the theoretical hypothesis. Furthermore, the translation of these measures enables the examination of possible cross-cultural structural differences that may lead to important theoretical progress in the measurement and classification of RNT. These methods are particularly relevant for developing and evaluating theoretically based interventions like concreteness training, an emerging field of increasing interest, which can be used to address the maladaptive processing mode in RNT that can lead to depression and other disorders. Although there has been some exploration of a categorical approach, the comparison of transdiagnostic methods is still lacking. Moreover, the following study aims to present particular characteristics and a comparison of the three methods. The present validation of the methods in a Polish speaking population provides psychometric parameters estimates that contribute to current efforts to increase reliable replication of theoretical outcomes. Yet these scales have not previously been used in conjunction, despite useful theoretical distinctions only available in Mini-CERTS. ![]() Three widely used self-report questionnaires have been developed to assess these related constructs: the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ), and the Mini-Cambridge Exeter Repetitive Thought Scale (Mini-CERTS). Clinical researchers also often employ categorical approaches to RNT, including a focus on depressive rumination or worry, for similar purposes. Processing mode theory provides a theoretical model to assess, research, and treat RNT using a transdiagnostic approach. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic process involved in the risk, maintenance, and relapse of serious conditions including mood disorders, anxiety, eating disorders, and addictions. 3University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.2SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, Poland.1PSITEC Lab, University of Lille, Lille, France.Monika Kornacka 1 * Jacek Buczny 2 Rebekah L.
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